CARDIOVASCULAR RISK: The salt was not so bad?

Jamas study absolutely give no change in the recommendations on salt intake, it held about 3,681 participants, according to it those with the lowest level of salt in the urine have a higher risk of cardiovascular mortality compared to overall average risk. Results disturbing because the traditional theory is that a high intake of salt leads to increased blood pressure, an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Findings published in the May issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA).

2 in 3 men and 1 in 3 women have higher intakes of salt to the French guidelines and 95 to 99% of the French beyond the limits of salt consumption set by the WHO, 5 g or less per day, which reminds us that too much salt in the diet is a cardiovascular risk factor. In France, approaching these recommendations, PNNS and Public Health Law has proposed a pragmatic approach to reduce the average salt intake of the French population of 10 g / d to 8 g / d. The objectives proposed by the High Council Public Health (HCSP) in October 2010 also set a decrease in salt intake in the population to reach in five years (2015) 8 g / d for men and 6.5 g / d for women.

 The study, conducted by researchers from the European Project on Genes in Hypertension (EPOGH) looked, in fact, the ad hoc level of salt in the urine of participants and not in their power and we must remember that the only measure of Urinary excretion of salt is not necessarily the volume of salt consumed. Conducted on 3681 people, free of cardiovascular disease at baseline and during nearly eight years, she has also measured their risk of hypertension, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and related deaths.

Deaths from cardiovascular disease among participants in the lowest levels of salt in urine: Major outcomes researchers identify 84 deaths from cardiovascular disease, but noted with surprise that 50 of these deaths from cardiovascular disease occur in one third of participants having the lowest levels of salt in the urine, and only 10 deaths in those with the highest levels. Of the 3,681 subjects of the study, 232 had a fatal or nonfatal CV as a heart attack during the 7.9 years of follow-up. There were 84 cardiovascular deaths, which were distributed as well as the level of excretion of salt:
• low tertile (mean urinary sodium 107mmol): 50 deaths
• medium tertile (mean urinary sodium 168mmol): 24 deaths
• highest tertile (mean urinary sodium 260mmol): 10 deaths

With adjustment for other factors, participants in the group "the lowest" have a higher risk of cardiovascular mortality (HR 1.56, CI% I 1.02 to 2.36) compared with the risk calculated for the overall cohort as a whole.

The researchers conclude that an increase of sodium excretion is associated with increased systolic but not diastolic pressure, however, this association is not related to an increased risk of cardiovascular ...

As the excretion of salt does not necessarily equate to the consumption of salt, if these results draw attention, they also involve undertaking further research on the association between salt intake, blood pressure and related cardiovascular mortality.

Source: JAMA. 2011, 305 (17) :1777-1785 doi: Fatal and nonfatal 10.1001/jama.2011.574 Outcomes, Impact of Hypertension, and Blood Pressure Changes in Relation to Urinary Sodium (Visual NHS)

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